Building the Virtual Cell with AI: Opportunities and Challenges

This paper presents a vision for AI-powered "Virtual Cells," which can model cellular systems at various scales. The AI models, fed by biological data, aim to simulate cells, predict behaviors, and identify disease mechanisms or drug targets. The authors outline key challenges, including data quality, evaluation standards, and collaboration between AI and biology communities. This future could revolutionize hypothesis testing and biomedical discoveries through advanced in silico experiments.